Fluke 189 Manual do Utilizador

®Model 187 & 189True RMS MultimeterUsers ManualAugust 2000, Rev.2, 6/02© 2000, 2002 Fluke Corporation. All rights reserved. Printed in U.S.A.All p

Model 187 & 189Users Manualviii3-10. Temperature Measurement...

1-1Chapter 1Before You StartSafety InformationThe Fluke Model 187 and Model 189 True RMSMultimeters (hereafter referred to as the “meter”) complywith:

Model 187 & 189Users Manual1-2Table 1-1. Safety InformationWWarningTo avoid possible electric shock or personal injury, follow these guidelines:•

Before You StartSafety Information11-3Table 1-1. Safety Information (cont.)WWarning• When using the probes, keep your fingers behind the finger guard

Model 187 & 189Users Manual1-4SymbolsSymbols used on the meter and in this manual areexplained in Table 1-2.Table 1-2. International Electrical Sy

2-1Chapter 2Getting AcquaintedIntroductionAlthough this manual describes the operation of bothModels 187 and 189, all illustrations and examplesassume

Model 187 & 189Users Manual2-2tc031f.epsFigure 2-1. AC Volts DisplayBattery ConsiderationsThe meter uses four AA alkaline batteries. The following

Getting AcquaintedBattery Considerations22-3Automatic Backlight OffPress T to select the backlight level (low, high, or off.) Inlow or high, the backl

Model 187 & 189Users Manual2-4Rotary SwitchTurn the meter on by selecting any measurement function(identified with white letters around the rotary

Getting AcquaintedPushbuttons22-5PushbuttonsThe buttons activate features that augment the functionselected with the rotary switch. The buttons are sh

Lifetime Limited WarrantyEach Fluke 20, 70, 80, 170 and 180 Series DMM will be free from defects in material and workmanship for its lifetime. As use

Model 187 & 189Users Manual2-6Table 2-1. Rotary Switch SelectionsPosition Rotary Switch Function % Blue Key Function\AC voltage measurement from

Getting AcquaintedPushbuttons22-7Table 2-1. Rotary Switch Positions (cont.)Position Rotary Switch Function % Blue Key FunctionIAC current measurements

Model 187 & 189Users Manual2-8Table 2-2. PushbuttonsButton DescriptionYellow ButtonFunction DescriptionNotePress O to access “Yellow Button Functi

Getting AcquaintedPushbuttons22-9Table 2-2. Pushbuttons (cont.)Button DescriptionYellow ButtonFunction Description [• In Setup, increment a digit .•

Model 187 & 189Users Manual2-10Selecting the RangePress R to select either a fixed range or theautorange feature.NoteYou cannot use R in conductan

Getting AcquaintedUnderstanding the Display22-11• dB (in ac volts functions): the dBm or dBV value.• REL: the difference between the present reading

Model 187 & 189Users Manual2-121416 151789101171356243112tc011f.epsFigure 2-4. Display Features

Getting AcquaintedUnderstanding the Display22-13Table 2-3. Display FeaturesNumber Feature Description ~ Continuity test function is selected.

Model 187 & 189Users Manual2-14Table 2-3. Display Features (cont.)Number Feature DescriptionFASTMINMAXAVGFAST MN MX mode is enabled. ( O M)Minim

Getting AcquaintedUnderstanding the Display22-15Table 2-3. Display Features (cont.)Number Feature Description AC+DC For dc volts and dc amps function

iTable of ContentsChapter Title Page1 Before You Start ...

Model 187 & 189Users Manual2-16Table 2-3. Display Features (cont.)Number Feature Description51000AUTOMANUALRange. Digits display range in use.fM

Getting AcquaintedUsing the Input Terminals22-17Using the Input TerminalsAll functions except current use the *andCOM inputs. Current functions use th

Model 187 & 189Users Manual2-18Using Display HoldPress Q to enter the Display Hold mode and freezethe present reading and its time stamp. New read

Getting AcquaintedUsing AutoHOLD22-19Using AutoHOLDWWarningAutoHOLD mode does not capture unstableor noisy readings. Do not use AutoHOLDmode to determ

Model 187 & 189Users Manual2-20To exit MIN MAX mode, press O N (CANCEL) orturn the rotary switch to a different position. Also, MINMAX mode turns

Getting AcquaintedUsing FAST MN MX22-21Using FAST MN MXFAST MN MX can capture transient signal events as shortas 250 µs, but with decreased accuracy;

Model 187 & 189Users Manual2-22Using HOLD with MIN MAX or FAST MN MXYou can enable the HOLD mode when in the MIN MAXmode is by pressing Q.No furth

3-1Chapter 3Making MeasurementsIntroductionChapter 3 explains how to make measurements. Mostmeasurement functions can be selected by using therotary s

Model 187 & 189Users Manual3-2When measuring voltage, the meter acts like a 10 MΩ(10,000,000 Ω) impedance in parallel with the circuit. Thisloadin

Making MeasurementsMeasuring Voltage33-3dB Measurements in AC Volts FunctionsThe two ac volts functions allow you to display readings asdeviations in

Model 187 & 189Users ManualiiSelecting the Range...

Model 187 & 189Users Manual3-4dB is calculated with the following formula:=VrVxdB10log*20• For dBm, Vr is the voltage across the referencer

Making MeasurementsMeasuring Voltage33-5AC over DC DC over AC AC + DCtc024f.epsFigure 3-3. AC and DC DisplayWhen the meter shows ac over dc or dc over

Model 187 & 189Users Manual3-6MIN MAXHOLDREL%msHzRANGEdBdBac+dcac+dcac+dcac+dcFnSmAmAAmVVmVVOFFCAAAAmACOMVTEMPERATUREAMIN MAXHOLDREL%msHzRANGEdBdB

Making MeasurementsMeasuring Resistance33-7MIN MAXHOLDREL%msHzRANGEdBdBac+dcac+dcac+dcac+dcFnSmAmAAmVVmVVOFFCAAAAmACOMVTEMPERATUREAMIN MAXHOLDREL%msHz

Model 187 & 189Users Manual3-8Keep the following in mind when measuring resistance:• Because the meter’s test current flows through allpossible p

Making MeasurementsUsing Conductance for High Resistance Tests33-9Continuity testing provides you with both a visualindication of the state encountere

Model 187 & 189Users Manual3-10MIN MAXHOLDREL%msHzRANGEdBdBac+dcac+dcac+dcac+dcFnSmAmAAmVVmVVOFFCAAAAmACOMVTEMPERATUREAMIN MAXHOLDREL%msHzRANGEdBd

Making MeasurementsUsing Conductance for High Resistance Tests33-11MIN MAXHOLDREL%msHzRANGEdBdBac+dcac+dcac+dcac+dcFnSmAmAAmVVmVVOFFCAAAAmACOMVTEMPERA

Model 187 & 189Users Manual3-12Measuring CapacitanceCautionTo avoid possible damage to the meter or tothe equipment under test, disconnect circuit

Making MeasurementsTesting Diodes33-13MIN MAXHOLDREL%msHzRANGEdBdBac+dcac+dcac+dcac+dcFnSmAmAAmVVmVVOFFCAAAAmACOMVTEMPERATUREAMIN MAXHOLDREL%msHzRANGE

Contents (continued)iiiMeasuring AC Current ... 3-18Measuri

Model 187 & 189Users Manual3-14MIN MAXHOLDREL%msHzRANGEdBdBac+dcac+dcac+dcac+dcFnSmAmAAmVVmVVOFFCAAAAmACOMVTEMPERATUREAMIN MAXHOLDREL%msHzRANGEdBd

Making MeasurementsMeasuring Temperature33-15Measuring TemperatureTo measure temperature, set up the meter as shown inFigure 3-10. The meter begins te

Model 187 & 189Users Manual3-16Measuring CurrentWWarningNever attempt an in-circuit currentmeasurement where the open-circuit potentialto earth is

Making MeasurementsMeasuring Current33-173. If you are using the A terminal, set the rotary switch tomA/A. If you are using the mA/µA terminal, set t

Model 187 & 189Users Manual3-18The following are some tips for measuring current:• If the display shows LEAd5 and you are sure themeter is set up

Making MeasurementsMeasuring Current33-19MIN MAXHOLDREL%msHzRANGEdBdBac+dcac+dcac+dcac+dcFnSmAmAAmVVmVVOFFCAAAAmACOMVTEMPERATUREAMIN MAXHOLDREL%msHzRA

Model 187 & 189Users Manual3-20Measuring DC CurrentTo measure dc current, set up the meter as shown inFigure 3-12.You can view separate dc and ac

Making MeasurementsMeasuring Current33-21MIN MAXHOLDREL%msHzRANGEdBdBac+dcac+dcac+dcac+dcFnSmAmAAmVVmVVOFFCAAAAmACOMVTEMPERATUREAMIN MAXHOLDREL%msHzRA

Model 187 & 189Users Manual3-22Measuring FrequencyFrequency is the number of cycles a signal completeseach second. The meter measures the frequenc

Making MeasurementsMeasuring Duty Cycle33-23tc026f.epsFigure 3-14. Hz DisplayThe meter beeps to indicate when a particular pushbuttonis not allowed wh

Model 187 & 189Users Manualiv6 Maintenance ...

Model 187 & 189Users Manual3-24-Slope Trigger Point+Slope Trigger Point30% Above TriggerPoint100%-Slope Trigger Point+Slope Trigger Point70% Below

Making MeasurementsMeasuring Pulse Width33-25To measure duty cycle, set up the meter to measurefrequency; then press N a second time. You canselect th

Model 187 & 189Users Manual3-26+Slope Trigger PointPulseWidthPeriod =Period-Slope Trigger PointPulse WidthStart and Stop on Positive SlopeStart an

Making MeasurementsMeasuring Pulse Width33-27The meter measures pulse width in the 500.00 or1000.0 ms ranges.To measure pulse width, set up the meter

Model 187 & 189Users Manual3-28

4-1Chapter 4Using Memory & Communications FeaturesIntroductionChapter 4 shows you how to use memory andcommunication features available on the met

Model 187 & 189Users Manual4-2Storing Saved ReadingsTo add the current displayed reading to the savedreadings memory, press O R (SAVE).• 5AVEd a

Using Memory & Communications FeaturesViewing Memory Data44-3Viewing Memory DataUse the following procedure to view memory data:NoteViewing memory

Model 187 & 189Users Manual4-42734156tc035f.epsFigure 4-1. View DisplayTable 4-1. View DisplayNo. Item Description q arrowicons.Denotes use of [

Using Memory & Communications FeaturesClearing Memory44-5Clearing MemoryYou can clear memory in two ways.• First, If the rotary switch is in the

vList of TablesTable Title Page1-1. Safety Information...

Model 187 & 189Users Manual4-6

5-1Chapter 5Changing the Default SettingsIntroductionThe meter allows you to change the default operatingconfiguration of the meter by changing setup

Model 187 & 189Users Manual5-2Table 5-1. Function Specific Setup SelectionsSelection Precondition Option Choices ( ) Factory Default000.0 °Co

Changing the Default SettingsSelecting Setup Options55-3Table 5-2. Common Setup SelectionsSelection Option Choices Factory DefaultbEEP Beeper yE5 or n

Model 187 & 189Users Manual5-4Select and edit setup options as follows:• Turn the rotary switch to a measurement function:• Press O T to advance

Changing the Default SettingsAdjusting the Temperature Offset55-5If necessary, adjust the temperature offset until thetemperature on the primary displ

Model 187 & 189Users Manual5-6Selecting Display Resolution(3 1/2 or 4 1/2 Digits)For most functions, you can choose whether the meterdisplays the

Changing the Default SettingsSetting the 24-Hour Clock55-7Setting the 24-Hour ClockThe meter uses 24-hour clock readings as time stampsduring HOLD, Au

Model 187 & 189Users Manual5-8Returning to Factory DefaultsYour meter comes with the setup options preset at thefactory. These factory settings ar

6-1Chapter 6MaintenanceIntroductionThis chapter describes basic operator maintenance. Forcalibration and performance test information, order the187 &a

Model 187 & 189Users Manualvi

Model 187 & 189Users Manual6-21000V400mAFUSED10A MAXFUSEDCATMIN MAXHOLDREL%msHzRANGEdBdBac+dcac+dcac+dcac+dcFnSmAmAAmVVmVVOFFCAAAAmACOMVTEMPERATUR

MaintenanceReplacing the Batteries66-3Replacing the BatteriesReplace the batteries with four AA batteries (NEDA I5A orIEC LR6).WWarningTo avoid false

Model 187 & 189Users Manual6-4F2F1tc037f.epsFigure 6-2. Battery and Fuse Replacement

MaintenanceReplacing the Fuses66-5Replacing the FusesW WarningTo avoid electrical shock or damage to themeter, only use replacement fuses specifiedin

Model 187 & 189Users Manual6-6Table 6-1. User-Replaceable PartsDescription Reference Designators Part Number QtyAccess Door, Battery / Fuse MP14 6

7-1Chapter 7SpecificationsSafety and CompliancesMaximum voltage between any terminal and earthground.1000 V dc or rms acCompliances - DUAL RATINGS Com

Model 187 & 189Users Manual7-2Physical SpecificationsDisplay (LCD) Digital: 50000/5000 counts primary display,5000 counts secondary display;update

SpecificationsFeature Summary77-3Feature SummaryFeature DescriptionDual Digital DisplaysAnalog Bar GraphPrimary: 50,000 countsSecondary: 5,000 count

Model 187 & 189Users Manual7-4Basic SpecificationsFunction Ranges/DescriptionDC Voltage 0 to 1000 VAC Voltage, true RMS 2.5 mV to 1000 V – 100 kHz

SpecificationsDetailed Accuracy Specifications77-5Detailed Accuracy SpecificationsAccuracy is specified for a period of one year after calibration, at

viiList of FiguresFigure Title Page2-1. AC Volts Display ...

Model 187 & 189Users Manual7-6AccuracyFunction Range Resolution 45-1 kHz 20-45 Hz 1-20 kHz 20 kHz-100 kHzAC µA 500.00 µA 0.01 µA 0.75 % + 20 1 % +

SpecificationsDetailed Accuracy Specifications77-7Accuracy Accuracy Dual Display AC or AC+DC 3Function Range Resolution DC 20 - 45 Hz 45 Hz - 1 kHz 1

Model 187 & 189Users Manual7-8Function Range Resolution AccuracyResistance 1500.00 Ω 0.01 Ω 0.05 % + 10 35.0000 kΩ 0.0001 kΩ 0.05 % + 250.000 kΩ 0

SpecificationsDetailed Accuracy Specifications77-9Function Ranges Resolution AccuracyCapacitance 21.000 nF 0.001 nF 2% + 510.00 nF 0.01 nF 1 % + 5100.

Model 187 & 189Users Manual7-10Function Range Resolution AccuracyFrequency 500.00 Hz 0.01 Hz 1± (0.0050 % + 1)5.0000 kHz 0.0001 kHz50.000 kHz 0.00

SpecificationsFrequency Counter Sensitivity77-11Frequency Counter SensitivityApproximate VAC Sensitivity(RMS Sine Wave)1Input Range15 Hz to100 kHz 250

Model 187 & 189Users Manual7-12Input CharacteristicsFunction Input Impedance (Nominal)Volts, mV 10 MΩ, < 100 pFCommon Mode Rejection Ratio Norm